Key findings:

• Eleven types of cancer are increasing in individuals aged 20 to 49 in England.
• Obesity is identified as a major driver behind these rising cancer rates.
• The cancers linked to obesity include thyroid, multiple myeloma, liver, kidney, gallbladder, colorectal, pancreatic, endometrial, oral, breast, and ovarian cancers.
• Bowel cancer rates in younger women linked to BMI rose from 0.9 to 1.6 per 100,000 people.
• Approximately 31,000 cancers were diagnosed in people aged 20 to 49 in England in 2023.

Research shows that for nine of the eleven cancers, incidence rates are increasing among both younger and older adults. Smoking rates among younger adults have fallen by about two percent annually over the last two decades. In contrast, obesity-related cancers are on the rise. Professor Montserrat García‑Closas stated that the trends are unlikely to be explained by changes in most known behavioral risk factors.

Professor Kristian Helin emphasized the need for stronger public health policies to tackle obesity across all ages. He noted that addressing this issue could slow the rise in cancer cases and prevent many cancers from developing. However, officials have not confirmed what specific interventions will be implemented.

Despite these increases, cancer remains a rare disease among young people. Professor Amy Berrington pointed out that while rates have been increasing, it still affects a small portion of this demographic. The exact causes behind this rise remain unclear and require further research.

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The UK government has been considering a ban on under-16s from social media for several months, influenced by similar measures taken in Australia. This proposal has sparked significant public interest and debate.

As part of this consultation, a YouGov poll revealed that nearly 75% of UK adults support the ban on under-16s accessing social media platforms. However, the perspective of teenagers differs significantly, with only 15% expressing support for such a restriction according to a poll conducted by Girl Guiding.

Professor Sander van der Linden has raised concerns about the lack of empirical evidence supporting the ban, stating, “Blindly instituting wholesale bans for teens takes the ‘evidence’ out of evidence-based policy.” This highlights a growing tension between public sentiment and expert opinion.

Campaigners argue that social media companies should be held more accountable for creating safer online environments. Simon Blake emphasized the importance of social media for young people, stating, “It’s a place that they meet other people, it’s a place that they see people like them that they can aspire to, to see others and to ask questions and to get support in a world where they may not be able to get it from other places.”

Despite the push for a ban, some experts caution that such measures could inadvertently drive teenagers to less regulated platforms, potentially exposing them to greater risks. Imogen, a concerned individual, remarked, “Someone in their 30s isn’t going to want to see the violent content that teenagers are seeing, so it’s not solving the issue.”

Additionally, the impact of social media on mental health varies significantly among different groups of young people, particularly those with pre-existing mental health issues. Research indicates that LGBT+ teenagers, who often face higher levels of loneliness and bullying, frequently turn to social media for support.

Hannah from Mad Youth Organise proposed a “misery tax” on social media companies, suggesting that 4% of their profits be allocated to fund mental health services. This proposal aims to address the mental health crisis exacerbated by social media use.

As the UK government continues to gather public opinions on this matter, the future of social media access for under-16s remains uncertain. Details remain unconfirmed regarding the final decision and its potential implications for young users and their mental health.

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