The Iran war is threatening food security in Africa, potentially leading to dramatic consequences for the continent’s most vulnerable populations. The conflict has already caused a significant rise in fertiliser prices, which directly impacts agricultural productivity.
Key statistics:
- The price of urea has increased by 60% to 70% since the war began.
- Africa relies on Gulf states for 35% of the world’s supply of urea.
- The EU announced grant aid of up to €50,000 for farmers affected by the conflict.
Yara International, the world’s largest fertiliser company, has reported that ammonia supplies have been affected by the war. This disruption impacts fertiliser production crucial for many African nations. Ethiopia and Kenya are particularly exposed due to their reliance on Middle East nitrogenous fertilisers.
Challenges faced:
- Food supply chains are struggling due to fuel and fertiliser restrictions, as reported by S&P Global.
- Africa is a major food importer despite being well positioned to produce food.
- The ongoing conflict could lead to a global auction on fertilisers, making them unaffordable for vulnerable communities.
Svein Tore Holsether, CEO of Yara International, emphasized the urgency of the situation. He stated, “The most important thing we can do now is raise the alarm on what we are seeing right now – that there is a risk of a global auction on fertiliser that means it becomes unaffordable for those most vulnerable.” Holsether also noted that production losses continue daily and will take weeks or months to recover.
Yet many farmers face difficult choices. One farmer expressed frustration with farming leading only to financial losses, stating he would prefer day labour for survival. As agricultural imports become more challenging, food security remains precarious in sub-Saharan Africa.
